The Royal Netherlands Navy initially planned to equip its four future Orca submarines, ordered from the French company Naval Group, with UGM-109E Tomahawk cruise missiles and American-made Mark 48 torpedoes. However, due to various technical, budgetary, and political considerations, adjustments were made to this plan.

Recently, the Netherlands confirmed an order for F-21 “Artemis” heavy torpedoes from Naval Group, marking a significant development in their naval capabilities.